5-Fluorouracil

An uridine analog that is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent; affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS), inhibits DNA/RNA synthesis in cancer cells.Chemotherapeutic Agents Approved(In Vitro):5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) and NSC 123127 (Dox) show synergistic anticancer efficacy. The IC50 value of 5-Fu/Dox-DNM toward human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells is 0.25 μg/mL, presenting an 11.2-fold and 6.1-fold increase in cytotoxicity compared to Dox-DNM and 5-Fu-DNM, respectively. In 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and CDDP treated NFBD1-inhibited NPC cells, the NFBD1 expression in NPC CNE1 cell lines is depleted using lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA, and the sensitivity of these cells is elevated. NFBD1 knockdown leads to an obvious induction of apoptosis in CDDP- or 5-FU-treated CNE1 cells.(In Vivo):5-Fluorouracil (23 mg/kg, 3 times/week) for 14 days, induces accelerated gastrointestinal transit associated with acute intestinal inflammation at day 3 after the start of treatment, which may have led to persistent changes in the ENS observed after days 7 and 14 of treatment contributing to delayed gastrointestinal transit and colonic dysmotility.