Guanidine hydrochloride

SKU: orb1310637

Description

Guanidine hydrochloride is a potent chaotropic agent and strong organic base that exists as guanidinium ions at physiological pH. It is a natural metabolite in urine and is extensively used in biochemical research to denature proteins and study protein folding in vitro.

Research Area

Cell Biology, Immunology & Inflammation, Metabolism Research, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology & Drug Discovery

Images & Validation

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Key Properties

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CAS Number	50-01-1
MW	95.53
Purity	99.63% (May vary between batches)
Formula	CH₆ClN₃
SMILES	Cl.NC(N)=N
Target	DNA/RNA Synthesis,Endogenous Metabolite,Arginase,Autophagy
Solubility	H2O:198.9 mM;DMSO:250 mg/mL (2616.98 mM);10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:2 mg/mL (20.94 mM)

Bioactivity

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In Vitro

Guanidine HCl is the most popular protein denaturant. Analysis of unfolding transitions by Guanidine HCl provides several important parameters regarding the mechanism of conformational stability of proteins. Guanidine HCl at low concentrations refolds acid-unfolds apomyoglobin and cytochrome c, stabilizing the molten globule state. Guanidine HCl (> 1 M) causes co-operative unfolding of the molten globule state. Guanidine HCl is 2.8 times more effective than urea in unfolding ribonuclease but only 1.7 times more effective for lysozyme. △GWaterapp. values of Guanidine HCl are 9.7 Cal/mole for ribonuclease at pH 6.6, 6.1 for lysozyme at pH 2.9, 8.3 for α-chymotrypsin at pH 4.3, and 11.7 for β-lactoglobulin at pH 3.2. Guanidine HCl at millimolar concentrations, is able to causes efficient loss of the normally stable [PSI+] element from yeast cells. 5 mM Guanidine HCl in growth media cures [PSI+] and other prions of yeast. 5 mM Guanidine HCl significantly reduces Hsp104-mediated basal and acquired thermotolerance by 30-fold and 50 fold, respectively. Guanidine HCl also reduces the ability of Hsp104 to restore activity of thermally denatured luciferase.

Storage & Handling

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Storage	-20°C
Expiration Date	12 months from date of receipt.
Disclaimer	For research use only

Alternative Names

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DNA Synthesis, DNASynthesis, denaturant, chaotrope, Arginase, Argininosuccinate synthase, Aminoformamidine Hydrochloride, Aminoformamidine, Aminoformamidine HCl, Inhibitor, Hsp104, Guanidine, Guanidine HCl, Guanidine hydrochloride, Guanidine Hydrochloride, Guanidinium, Guanidinium Chloride, Guanidinium chloride, EndogenousMetabolite, Endogenous Metabolite, Lysozyme, inhibit, proteins, RNA Synthesis, RNASynthesis, Ribonuclease pancreatic, unfolded

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Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

5742 ↗

Key Properties

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No computed properties available.

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