Schisandrin C

Schizandrin C is a compound that exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects by upregulating phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes in microglia.(In Vitro):Schisandrin C (25-100 μM; 48 hours) down-regulates expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and a concomitant degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). It also activates caspase-3 and -9 in U937 cells.Schisandrin C (25-100 μM; 48 hours) induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. And the fragmentation of genomic DNA is also increased in U937 cells.Schisandrin C (25-100 μM; 72 hours) induces G1 arrest, it down-regulates cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 4 and E2Fs expression, and also exhibits inhibition of pRB, and up-regulation of the Cdk inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1).(In Vivo):Schisandrin C (lateral ventricle injection (i.c.v.); 15-150 μg/kg; 5 days) reduces Aβ1-42-induced memory deficits in the Y-maze test. Neurons in the hippocampus of SCH-C (15 μg/kg)-treated group returned to normal level, and and SCH-C group (150 μg/kg) has slight neuroprotective effects Aβ1-42-induced group. SCH-C (15 μg/kg) recoveres the activities of SOD and GSHPx and the ratios of GSH, decreases the levels of ChEtotal in the brain of the Aβ1–42-induced amnesic mice simultaneously.